Which of the following defines an education record?

The definition of an education record under the Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act (FERPA) is best represented by the choice that emphasizes a record maintained directly related to a student. Education records are defined as records that contain information directly related to a student and are maintained by an educational institution or agency. This includes, but is not limited to, grades, transcripts, class lists, student schedules, and student disciplinary records.

Options that describe other types of records, such as those focused on financial statuses, personal notes, or medical histories, do not fit the criteria established by FERPA for what constitutes an education record. Therefore, only the option highlighting records directly related to a student aligns with the legal framework governing educational data privacy.